Living In USA

In most of the country the emergency number for ambulance, police, or fire is 9-1-1, but it is wise to check this locally, especially if you are far from large cities. If you do not know the emergency number, just dial "0" for the operator and tell him or her about your situation, but do not forget to give your address and telephone number. If you hang up without giving this critical information, you will have wasted precious moments while the operator tries to trace the call. If you can, go directly to the emergency room of the nearest hospital. Emergency rooms are set up to deal with serious accidents and acute illnesses (such as a heart attack). It is a good idea to find out where this facility is located before you need it. They are equipped to respond quickly to life-threatening situations. However, calling 9-1-1 and requesting an ambulance may be the most prudent course.

Urgent Care
If you have an urgent medical concern that does not qualify as an emergency, the first step is to call your doctor. If you do not have a doctor — or if he or she is unavailable — go to the emergency room of the nearest hospital. Less serious illnesses and accidents, although they may occur without warning, are treated by family physicians and in walk-in clinics. Some hospitals also have an "express care" or "urgent care" service, separate from their emergency services. There are even urgent care or walk-in clinics, separate from hospitals, that may provide quicker treatment of many serious (but not life-threatening) medical conditions such as broken limbs or fevers. These tend to be less expensive than the emergency room and you will not likely have to wait too long, unlike an emergency room where more serious injuries are treated before minor ones.

Although health care is expensive in the United States, it is good and in most cases very thorough. People are referred to hospitals more often here than in many other countries. If this happens to you, be sure you understand from the doctor exactly what the reason is before you become worried. It often means only that the doctor wants to make use of special facilities for tests, X-rays, or treatment procedures, or wants to have you observed at frequent intervals over a period of days by a trained staff. It does not necessarily mean that the doctor thinks you are seriously ill.

For general medical care, most people's primary doctor is a family practice specialist — someone who will provide routine care for all members of the family and who can refer you to other kinds of specialists when necessary. There are two kinds of specialists who are often contacted immediately — a pediatrician if there is a young child in the family and a gynecologist for adolescent girls and women. Many general practitioners, however, are qualified and experienced in treating children and gynecological matters.

There are numerous medical groups that give patients access to a number of doctors rather than one. They emphasize family practice — taking care of all the medical needs of family members in one place and providing service at all times with one or another of the group members available on call. Many of these groups are referred to as health maintenance organizations, or HMOs. Some are attached to hospitals, but most are independent, and the physicians have privileges at local hospitals. Most HMOs have listings of doctors in your area who are members, and a few HMOs combine health insurance and health care into one organization.

How do you go about finding a reliable doctor? Physicians are listed in the classified telephone directory (often called the Yellow Pages), and many even advertise their services, but people usually find doctors by asking friends and acquaintances about their experiences with medical care. There are a variety of ways to search. Your company may advise you. Often there is a company doctor or an arrangement with a medical group, which is a great help. Perhaps you can ask your neighbors, or the person from whom you rent your apartment, or the head of your child's school. The officer at the bank or someone at your church, mosque, or synagogue may also give you advice. Your own consulate may have a list of doctors who speak your language.

Don't necessarily accept the first physician suggested. People have different needs. Most physicians are very well trained in the United States, so you rarely have to worry about technical competence. Probably the most important consideration, and one you can judge easily, is personality. You will want to find someone who is easy to talk with and in whom you have confidence. You may also want to inquire about costs if that is important to you.

If it is difficult to obtain a personal recommendation from someone you know, call the County Medical Society or the Physician Referral Service in your area. These offices can either provide a list of physicians or tell you where you can get this information. You can also call the administrator's office at the nearest hospital and ask for the names and office addresses of doctors with privileges at their hospital. This way you will find well-trained doctors with nearby hospital affiliations. Neither the hospital nor the County Medical Society will recommend one doctor; they will always provide several names. When you have been given the names and telephone numbers of several doctors, make an appointment with one of them. Take your family's health records and ask about fees, hospital connections, and anything else you want to know. If the doctor's experience, medical training, and personality seem right to you, you will probably want to become a regular patient and return whenever necessary. If not, you may want to look for another doctor.

Many doctors have so many regular patients that they will not accept new ones. Simply keep trying until you find one who is able to accommodate you as a patient. Don't feel shy about discussing fees when you first make these contacts. They can vary, and it is better to know in advance the approximate fees any given physician is likely to charge. Medical care is extremely expensive in the United States, and it is important to know what costs to expect.

When people move to a new, unfamiliar country, they are often quite concerned about what might happen if they get sick. This is an understandable fear because medical practices and the customs that surround illness differ, sometimes dramatically, from culture to culture. Even if the medical care you receive is excellent, as it usually is in this country, there is still discomfort because it is not what you are accustomed to, and because you may be far from people who would normally assist and comfort you. The information below is intended to help you understand the practice of medicine in the United States so that you can obtain care with as little apprehension as possible.

Before You Leave Home
The first step in obtaining medical care in a new country is to bring your family's health records with you, if possible. This provides your new physician with a complete history of past medical experience and may help you save on expensive tests or background studies. Also, have all necessary dental work done before you leave home; costs for dental care in the States are nearly as high as those for medical care, and insurance rarely covers all procedures.

If you wear eyeglasses or contact lenses, have an extra pair with you and be sure to bring a copy of your prescription. If you are on regular medication, it is a good idea to bring a copy of the prescription and information from your physician at home about the condition for which the medication is required.